di Rolando Tarchi

Editoriale del Fascicolo n. 1/2021

di Paolo Passaglia

SOMMARIO: 1. Il diritto transnazionale: una lettura destrutturante. – 2. La concezione del webinar. – 3. Un punto di vista da cui cercare di cogliere la complessità delle dinamiche in atto.

The paper introduces the topics that will be analyzed in the papers included in the section. These papers were presented during the webinar of 23 October 2020 entitled “The impact of transnational dynamics on regulatory systems”. In this introductory paper, the difficulty of defining the concept of “transnational law” is exposed. It is highlighted, in particular, how this concept suffers the competition of the notion of “global law” and how, in practice, the rules that are included in the so-called transnational law are very diverse. Moreover, not all rules can be defined as legal rules.
In order to suggest topics and arguments for the debate, the paper also proposes a classification of transnational rules based on three criteria: the transnationality deriving from the object of the regulation, the transnationality deriving from the author, the transnationality resulting from the circulation of rules.
Finally, some of the difficulties that lawyers encounter in framing the transnational rules are set out. 

di Anne Marie Luciani

SOMMARIO: Premessa. – 1. Le origini della teoria. – 2. L’alterazione nel ventesimo secolo della teoria della Lex mercatoria. – 3. La Lex mercatoria oggi e domani.

The debate over the Lex mercatoria fascinates jurists since many years, as well as other kinds of specialists. It interests also economists, philosophers and many other researchers, because it leads to examine the relations with power, as well as ways to share it and exercise it. The controversy will not end soon and maybe it will never end. Thus, it is necessary to search what is new. For that purpose, it is also needed to review the history of the Lex mercatoria from its origins to nowadays and to identify its evolutions and its changes.

di Andrea Pisaneschi

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione: brevi cenni al fenomeno della globalizzazione. – 2. Economie globali e regole globali. – 3. Le autorità sovranazionali di regolazione: Comitato di Basilea e Financial Stability Board. – 4. I profili costituzionali generali. – 5. La regolazione multilivello e l’art. 47 della Costituzione.

The essay deals with the problem of supranational regulation of financial activities in a globalized economy. It highlights how the production of rules in this field constitutes a problem of constitutional law, before that of commercial or financial law. It describes the activities of the Basle Committee and the Financial Stability Board, and highlights some of the deficits in the way the so-called standard rules are produced in the banking field. Finally, it raises a series of questions about the compatibility of this model with Art. 47 of the Constitution.

di Lucie Lorenzini

SOMMARIO: 1.Considerazioni introduttive. – 2. La nozione di arbitrato commerciale internazionale. – 3. Inquadramento dell’arbitrato commerciale internazionale: distinzione tra regole sostanziali e regole procedurali. – 4. La scelta delle regole di procedura applicabili all’arbitrato commerciale internazionale. – 5. La transnazionalizzazione del diritto processuale (sotto l’impulso dell’arbitro). – 6. Quali sono i settori dove questa transnazionalizzazione ha apportato le novità più significative? – 6.1. La fase preliminare del processo arbitrale (la costituzione del tribunale arbitrale, il preliminary meetinge i Terms of Reference). – 6.2. La scelta della lingua. – 6.3. Le modalità di comunicazione. – 6.4. Le modalità di assunzione della prova. – 6.5. L’udienza. – 7. Conclusioni.

The international arbitration is characterized by the autonomy recognized to the parties and to the arbitrators. Against this backdrop, a procedural practice is gradually developing, which is the result of the experience of the arbitrators. This practice brings together the procedural methods developed in civil law and in common law countries; at the same time, it also differs more and more from each national legal system. The practices, that thanks to a process of consolidation tend to become real customary sources, favor the creation of a transnational procedural law of arbitral justice. The transnationalization of the procedural law of arbitration is considerably important because it ensures all parties, regardless of their geographical origin, equal treatment, and it offers them arbitration that is not simply based on national procedural systems.

di Alessandro Somma

SOMMARIO: 1. Sulla opportunità e possibilità di un diritto uniforme. – 2. Mutazione giuridica, metodologia comparatistica e uniformazione del diritto. – 3. Codificazione e uniformazione del diritto privato. – 4. Al servizio del principe: sul ruolo della dottrina nella costruzione del diritto privato europeo. – 5. Segue: il solidarismo impossibile. – 6. Uniformazione del diritto e modelli economici: il capitalismo neoamericano. – 7. Segue: federalismo hayekiano e neoliberalismo. – 8. Uniformazione vs concorrenza tra ordinamenti giuridici? – 9. Il ruolo delle corti: l’uso giurisprudenziale della comparazione. – 10. A mo’ di conclusione: uniformazione del diritto privato e federalismo solidarista.

Even if the movement towards uniform law is slowing down, due to growing concerns about its possibility and opportunity, the convergence of national law is somehow evolving. A possible way of tackling the many problematic aspects of this topic, is to analyse the role of legal science, politics, and judges on this regard, i.e. to outline the contribution of scholars, legislators and courts to the formation of uniform law. The main argument of this contribution is that they are primarily committed to enhance a neoliberal way of conceiving the economic order, since unification of law along alternative values is incompatible with the current idea of interpreting the role of the State. 

di Gian Luca Conti

SOMMARIO: 1. Il diritto di un’architettura invisibile. – 2. L’ambito di applicazione della lex informatica. – 3. 5 W. – 4. ICANN. – 5. 3WC. – 6. La rete e il TAO. – 7. Social etc. – 8. Conclusioni.

This essay deals with the lex informatica, understood as the set of rules that regulate the web. These rules are mostly inaccessible, in the sense that they regulate phenomena that are beyond the perception and understanding of those who are affected by them. Nevertheless, these phenomena strongly affect the ability of individuals to exercise their freedoms and fundamental rights.

di Stefano Bastianon

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa. – 2. La lex sportiva e il diritto dello sport. – 2.1. La nozione di lex sportiva. – 2.2. Le varie teorie sul contenuto della lex sportiva. – 3. La giurisprudenza del CAS. – 4. La lex sportiva tra CAS e diritto dell’Unione europea. – 5. I rapporti tra il diritto dell’Unione europea e lo sport.

The paper aims to provide a quick overview of the relationship between lex sportiva and the activity of the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) in Lausanne, on the one hand, and EU law, on the other. This inquiry cannot be separated from a brief survey of the main aspects related to the problems of defining the term “lex sportiva”

di Giuseppe Franco Ferrari

The paper briefly tackles the problem of human rights protection in international trade law. It argues that after the foundation of the WTO international trade law has become a sui generis transnational law in which not only economic reasons are take into account.