Costituzione e Carte europee dei diritti nel recente orientamento del Giudice delle leggi: supremazia assiologica o primato funzionale?

di Nicola Colacino

SOMMARIO: 1. Cenni introduttivi. - 2. Il sindacato di costituzionalità sul rispetto degli obblighi internazionali e il mo-dello del doppio scrutinio delineato nelle sentenze "gemelle" del 2007. - 3. Primato funzionale della Costituzione ed espansione "regolata" delle tutele. - 4. La pregiudiziale assiologica di Corte cost. n. 49/2015 e il dilemma del giudice comune.

Some recent judgments of the Constitutional Court, related to the protection of fundamental rights within the EU and ECHR legal systems, seem to prove a conservative turn in the Court's approach to the relationship with such systems. Namely, if in judgments nos. 348 and 349 of 2007 and in some subsequent decisions the Court showed some significant openings towards the acceptance of a principle of maximum protection of fundamental rights, regardless of their system of origin, in its more recent jurisprudence the Court has repeatedly affirmed the primacy of the Constitution in the field of the protection of fundamental rights and, correspondingly, its essential role as custodian of this primacy. The present contribution submits this jurisprudence to a brief critical analysis, to highlight the possible risks deriving from this new approach, with respect to both the need of maintaining a correct balance in inter-system relations and the difficulties faced by national courts.