La forma di governo regionale a vent’anni dalla riforma: cosa resta della specialità?

di Francesco Palermo

SOMMARIO: 1. La parabola della specialità. – 2. L’impatto uniformante della riforma costituzionale del 1999 (e del 2001). – 3. La specialità sopravvissuta: Alto Adige e Valle d’Aosta. – 3.1. La Provincia autonoma di Bolzano (e la Regione Trentino-Alto Adige). – 3.2. La Valle d’Aosta. – 4. Cosa resta della specialità?

For quite some time, special regions have been the only manifestation of Italian regionalism. Over the last two decades, however, they have been marginalised and, in most cases, have given up their enhanced autonomy. The constitutional reforms that introduced the direct election of the regional executive in 1999-2001 marked a significant step in the process of reducing special autonomy. Four out of six regions/autonomous provinces opted for a presidential system, while two kept the previous parliamentary model. Twenty years down the road, the picture has changed and looks far less rosy for special autonomy. The paper contends that the change of the form of government has represented a turning point in the process of erosion of special autonomy.